Oak (quercus robur)

           Oak is a temperate, tall tree with strong, knotty branches, wide and rich crown. The bark of the oak is brownish-brown, rough, deep-rooted, often sheltering an active micro-fauna (especially ants and certain species of beetles). The leaves are lobed, with 4-8 pairs of lobes. The petiole is short (4-8 cm). Oak is blooming in May. The fruit is acne called acorn. It is mainly found in the plain and hilly areas, very rarely at the hillside. Apart from the clean oak forests, called oaks, oak is also found in mixed with other hardwoods, in the so-called pine forests.        It is spread in Europe, Asia Minor and several other Asian areas, North Africa. In the past, it was much more widespread, often in blends with beech and other deciduous trees.

© Copyright Ran-Rorest Services srl. 2017

Beech tree (fagus sylvativca)

             Beech is a tree in the temperate zone.        This is a tree of the size I capable of reaching 40 m and 2 m in diameter, although it usually has a height of 25-35 m and a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m. It is tall, impressive with the bark Smooth, grayish-white. A 10-year-old brood will be about 4 m tall. It has a life span of 150 to 200 years, although it sometimes lives up to 300 years. It has spherical buds, sharpened, and leaves generally oval. The fruit, called yir, is a trimmered achena, covered with a spiky bark. Flowering takes place in May. It grows especially in the hills and mountains, but can be encountered sporadically in the plain, especially in the northern regions of Romania. In the past a vast forest stretched from the Carpathians to far away in Russia today, linked to what is now called the Siberian Taiga. The forest was replaced in the northern areas of the Dniester (Podolia) with silviculture, steppes and relict forests. In some regions of Belarus, Ukraine and Russia, parts of this ancient code are preserved. Beech allows many species of small plants to survive in the areas where they predominate, forming rich and beautiful biotopes in the so-called beeches.

Spuce tree (picea abies)

      Spruce is a species of coniferous trees that can be up to 50 m high (Class I and II Kraft trees) and trunk diameter up to 1-1.5 m, with a pyramidal-conical crown, permanently green, with dark green aciciform leaves . It has a semilumine temperament, therefore it has to be cultivated under the shadow of the pioneer / invading species (poplar, birch). Rough brown-reddish cracked longitudinally. Rooting is tracing, so it often suffers from wind blows. The crown-pyramidal shape of the crown is due to the growing shorter stems from the bottom to the top. Older Molluscs, which grow in the hillsides, lose their base branches (this phenomenon is called natural healing and is due to the fact that light does not penetrate the base of the tree), the crown climbing to the middle of the stem. Also, in the conditions of a poor natural light, they have a weak lateral growth, compared to the more isolated trees. The spruce flowers are unisexual-monoic, the masculine producing a lot of anemophilous pollen, which in the wind blows true clouds of Yellowish powder around the shaft. The female flowers appear as small gemoates, which after fertilization turn into cones whose scales shelter the seed; The cones are pendent, the seed is warped.       Pedological preferences: prefer acidic soils. The exploitation age is about 90-110 years old. Spreading: Spruce forests cover 22% of Romania's forest area.